You can authenticate users in the database with three methods: database authentication,
operating system authentication, and network authentication. With database authentication, the
encrypted password for the user is stored in the database. In contrast, operating system authentication
makes an assumption that a user who is already authenticated by an operating system connection
has the same privileges as a user with the same or similar name (depending on the value of the
OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX initialization parameter). Network authentication uses solutions based
on Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). These network authentication methods require Oracle 11g
Enterprise Edition with the Oracle Advanced Security option.
Profiles
Database resources are not unlimited; therefore, a DBA must manage and allocate resources
among all database users. Some examples of database resources are CPU time, concurrent
sessions, logical reads, and connect time.
A database profile is a named set of resource limits that you can assigned to a user. After Oracle
is installed, the DEFAULT profile exists and is assigned to any user not explicitly assigned a profile.
The DBA can add new profiles or change the DEFAULT profile to suit the needs of the enterprise.
The initial values for the DEFAULT profile allow for unlimited use of all database resources.
22 Oracle Database 11g DBA Handbook
Sequences
An Oracle sequence assigns sequential numbers, guaranteed to be unique unless the sequence
is re-created or reset.
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