The DBA must be involved in the application development process in order to correctly
design the database that will support the end product. The methods described in this chapter will
also provide important information for structuring the database monitoring and tuning efforts.
The first section of this chapter addresses overall design and implementation considerations
that directly address performance. The following sections focus on implementation details such as
resource management, using stored outlines, sizing tables and indexes, quiescing the database for
maintenance activities, and managing packaged applications.
Tuning by Design: Best Practices
At least 50 percent of the time??”conservatively??”performance problems are designed into an
application. During the design of the application and the related database structures, the application
architects may not know all the ways in which the business will use the application data over
time. As a result, there may be some components whose performance is poor during the initial
release, whereas other problems will appear later as the business usage of the application changes
and increases.
In some cases, the fix will be relatively straightforward??”changing an initialization parameter,
adding an index, or rescheduling large operations. In other cases, the problem cannot be fixed
without altering the application??™s architecture. For example, an application may be designed to
heavily reuse functions for all data access??”so that functions call other functions, which call
additional functions, even to perform the simplest database actions.
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