Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and other entities
requiring blocks of IP addresses apply to ARIN and similar institutions. The addressing body
then assigns the requested blocks, which are, in turn, assigned to the ISP??™s subscribers.
These addressing bodies are needed because every machine on the Internet at a given
moment requires a distinct IP address. You??™ll see later, when you learn about DHCP, that
one IP address can represent any number of physical machines.
LAN IP addresses are assigned by the system administrator so that each physical machine
attached to the network has a distinct address. As a result, your computer can have three
identities or addresses at once: its loopback address (the one-computer network), its LAN
address (and if a computer can connect to several networks, it can have several LAN
addresses), and its public Internet address.
NOTE
Learn more about setting up loopback connections in Chapter 12, ???Connecting to the
Internet.???
Standard TCP/IP addressing under version 4 of the protocol is expressed as a series of four
decimal numbers separated by dots, as in 187.
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