128 to .191
11 000000 to 111110 .192 to .254
In this network subnet, you can create four subnets, each containing 64 hosts. You??™ll
notice that in each subnet, the host address of all one??™s (111111) is not used. This is a
special address, reserved for local broadcasts to all hosts on the local subnet.
Network Address Translation (NAT)
NAT is a service that makes it possible for a server to translate between hosts on a
network using private addresses and one or more public addresses. Usually, the router
running NAT supports all the clients on a network segment and shares a single registered
IP address among all of them. This allows the hosts to essentially hide behind the router,
and a firewall is created at the network layer.
Network Organization 511
25
Hardware Devices in Networking
Standalone PCs require several hardware devices to network with other PCs, servers,
peripherals, and the outside world. This section reviews the most essential and explains
how to get networking going on your system.
Network Interface Cards (NICs)
Unless a computer can interface with a network, there is no network.
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