The domain name isn??™t considered part of the URL, as far as
RewriteRule is concerned. It is useful to think of ^ as anchoring the characters that
follow to the beginning of the string, that is, asserting that they are the first part.
. Matches any single character.
* Specifies that the preceding character or expression can be repeated zero or
more times, that is, not at all to infinity.
+ Specifies that the preceding character or expression can be repeated one or
more times. In other words, the preceding character or expression must match
at least once.
? Specifies that the preceding character or expression can be repeated zero or
one time. In other words, the preceding character or expression is optional.
{m,n} Specifies that the preceding character or expression can be repeated between
m and n times; m and n are integers, and m needs to be lower than n.
( ) The parentheses are used to define a captured expression. The string matching
the expression between parentheses can then be read as a variable. The parentheses
can also be used to group the contents therein, as in mathematics, and
operators such as *, +, or ? can then be applied to the resulting expression.
[ ] Used to define a character class. For example, [abc] will match any of the
characters a, b, or c. The hyphen character (-) can be used to define a range of
characters.
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