IP is the protocol that is responsible
for moving datagrams from one computer to another, possibly distant computer, over multiple intervening
networks. IP does not provide a guaranteed service. Most of the time datagrams get delivered efficiently, but
IP provides no guarantees that packets will arrive uncorrupted, in order, and without duplication.
The transport-level protocol of the internet is TCP. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that adds
reliability to the underlying, unreliable, network protocol. After first establishing a connection with a remote
computer, TCP provides guaranteed delivery of complete, uncorrupted messages.
The application-level protocol over the internet is provided by the applications that take advantage of the
network. There is no internet standard application-level protocol.
The technical advances in networking and protocols have had even greater impact on every day life since
Tim Berners-Lee and his colleagues developed the HTTP protocol and the HTML language, beginning around
1990. Their vision of client browsers on workstations providing easy universal access to information made
available by millions of servers has made the internet the ???data superhighway.???
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