See cameras
3D Garage Web site, 550, 694, 697
3D Links Web site, 695
3D modeling
explained, 3
See also modeling
3D objects
composite images and, 651??“655
shadows added to, 670??“675
3D Palace Web site, 695
3D World Web forum, 696
A
Ablan, Dan, 693, 694, 695
Action Center, 37
Mouse mode, 296, 328
Selection mode, 37, 315
activating bones, 507??“509, 514, 518
adaptive sampling, 199, 605
Add category
Items tab, 73
Setup tab, 79
Add Dynamic menu, 568
Add Keys button, 254
Add Node menu, 130, 452??“453, 660
Add Particle Emitter panel, 537, 539
Add Plug-ins option, 681
Add Points option, 284
Additive option, 520
Adobe Photoshop, 164
Advanced Camera, 213??“214, 595
exercise on using, 595??“599
Advanced Camera panel, 595, 596??“599
Affect OpenGL option, 169
Align to Path option, 558
Align tool, 580
Alpha channels, 458, 459
embedded, 562
saving, 610
alpha images, 668??“670
ambient light, 148??“149
Amplitude setting, 493
angles, camera, 211??“212
Animation: From Script to Screen
(Culhane), 693
animation
color channel, 269??“271
composite, 649??“676
background images, 651??“655
foreground images, 655, 664??“670
front projections, 656??“664
shadows, 670??“676
defined, 219
dynamic effects, 565??“592
hard-body, 567??“588
modeling for, 575??“581
soft-body, 588??“592
types of, 566
movie effects, 649
particle, 535??“564
collisions, 550??“554
control options, 539??“545
editing options, 562??“564
emitters, 536, 537??“539
images, 560??“562
surfaces, 554??“560
wind and, 545??“550
rendering, 601??“648
batch, 643??“645
general-purpose, 603??“609
network, 612??“643
saving renders, 609??“610
selected objects, 611
setup for, 602??“603
single-frame, 603
speeding up, 560
animation (continued)
text and logo, 273??“306
backdrop images, 275??“285
beveling text, 291, 292??“293
creating text, 285??“293
duplicating objects, 293??“297
importing EPS files, 298??“299
lighting, 301, 302??“305
pivot points, 297??“298
setting up, 299??“301
surfacing text, 290??“291
animation I/O plug-ins, 677
animation UV plug-ins, 677
Animator??™s Workbook, The (White), 693
Anisotropic node, 468??“469, 470??“472
antialiasing, 196??“199, 486, 560, 605
apostrophe (???) key, 338, 397
arbitrary rendering, 603
area lights, 143, 167??“171
composites and, 673
explained, 167??“168
working with, 168??“171
Art of 3D: Computer Animation and
Imaging, The (Kerlow), 693
Attract setting, 574
audiovisual resources, 694
Auto Frame Advance option, 607, 610
Auto Key Create option, 221, 227, 229
Auto Key feature, 50??“51, 52??“53, 221
caution about, 227
exercise on using, 221??“227
manual keyframing with, 228??“235
recording of motion by, 526
auto weight map feature, 530
Automatic Sizing option, 482
AVI file format, 182, 609
Axis drop-down list, 572
B
Back viewport, 5
backdrop images, 275??“285
building elements over, 279??“285
gadget modeling and, 363??“365
hiding/displaying, 285
setting up, 275??“279
Backdrop tab, 276, 363, 364, 381, 657
background curves, 253??“254
background image compositing, 651??“655
background layers, 14??“15
background plate, 651
backlight, 154
backtracking, 257, 260
Backward scattering setting, 474, 479
baking, 54, 600
ball primitive, 408??“414
Ball tool
character modeling and, 408??“409
still-life modeling and, 330, 336
bananas, modeling, 308??“330
Basic tab, 101??“102
batch files, 633
batch rendering, 643??“645
multiprocessor, 644??“645
one machine, 643??“644
Beautiful Mind, A (film), 649
Bend tool, 329
Bevel tool
gadget modeling and, 371??“374
text creation and, 291, 292
beveling text, 291, 292??“293
Bezier splines, 262??“263
Bezier tool, 285
bias, 237
Billowing effect, 559
Birn, Jeremy, 693
Birth Rate setting, 542
Blend option, 520
Blending Mode, 108
blending properties, 481
Blinn node, 495
blue dots on nodes, 460
blur effects
Motion Blur option, 200??“201, 606
Particle Blur setting, 201, 606
reflection and refraction, 103
Blur Length setting, 201
body modeling
building the body, 407??“414
shaping the body, 421??“426
Bone Properties panel, 504, 515, 524
Bone Setup:MirrorHierarchy panel, 517??“518
Bone Weights tool, 519??“520
Bone X-Ray mode, 510, 524
bones, 78, 497??“534
activating, 507??“509, 514, 518
adding to objects, 501??“505
creating, 498??“501
deactivating, 516
explained, 497??“498
hierarchies, 505??“518
creating child bones, 505??“511
setting up multiple, 511??“518
naming/renaming, 499, 506
animation 702
Channel Bin 703
positioning, 503, 514
recoloring, 501, 509
rest length of, 504
rotating, 509??“510, 511, 514, 516
Skelegons, 526??“534
creating, 527??“532
tips about, 532??“533
using in Layout, 533??“534
video tutorials, 534
weights, 519??“526
assigning, 524??“526
creating, 521??“524
settings for, 519??“520
book resources, 693
Boolean CSG tool, 398
Boolean functions, 23, 398
borders, limited region, 190, 191
Bounce setting
hard-body collisions, 574
particle collisions, 552
Bounce/Bind Power option
hard-body collisions, 571, 574, 586, 588
particle collisions, 553
Bounding Box Threshold, 86
bowls
filling with fruit, 350??“353
steps for modeling, 347??“350
box modeling technique, 405
Box setting, 573
Box tool
glass windows and, 575??“576
still-life objects and, 308??“309, 354
Bridge tool, character modeling and, 411
brightness, background image, 278
Brightness slider, 484
Browse for Folder panel, 628, 629, 631
Bump Amplitude setting, 485, 487
Bump option
Basic tab, 102
Node Editor, 456, 463, 484??“487
C
C button, 42
Calculate button, 563, 570, 571, 584
Camera Properties panel, 178??“179
Advanced Camera option, 595, 596
Render Globals panel and, 602
Use Global option, 604
Camera Selector plug-in, 180
Camera view, 184??“185, 587, 604
compositing in, 653, 656
cameras, 177??“218, 594??“601
adaptive sampling settings, 199
angle settings, 211??“212
antialiasing settings, 196??“199, 486
depth of field option, 202??“207
field of view settings, 196
field rendering option, 184
focal distance, 204??“205
f-stop settings, 205
lens focal length, 193??“195
limited region settings, 189??“191
mask options, 208
motion effects, 199??“201
multiple, 50, 180
objects as, 595
overview of, 177??“178
pixel aspect ratios, 183??“189
range finder for, 206??“207
renaming, 181, 193
resolution settings, 181??“189
rule of thirds and, 209??“210
segment memory settings, 192
selecting, 193
setting up, 180??“181, 604
soft filter option, 199
stereoscopic rendering option, 202
types of, 179??“180, 213??“218, 594??“601
Advanced Camera, 213??“214, 595??“599
Classic Camera, 213, 594
Orthographic Camera, 214??“215, 594
Perspective Camera, 216, 594??“595
Real Lens Camera, 216??“217, 600,
654??“655
Surface Baking Camera, 217??“218,
600??“601
zoom factors, 193??“195
Caps Lock key, 12
casting shadows, 671??“676
Catmull-Clark subdivisions, 38, 324, 334
caustics, 151
Center Current Item button, 57
CG Talk Web forums, 696
Change Surface panel, 41
character modeling and, 442
gadget modeling and, 388, 389, 391,
393, 397
still-life modeling and, 336, 341, 346,
350, 356
text creation and, 290, 292, 295
Channel Bin, 246
channel filter plug-ins, 677
channels
Alpha, 458, 459, 562, 610
animating color, 269??“271
footprints used for, 257??“260
removing from Curve Bin, 246
setting up in Graph Editor, 240??“242
character modeling, 405??“446
beak, 440??“441
body
building, 407??“414
shaping, 421??“426
bones, 497??“534
adding, 501??“505
child, 505??“511
creating, 498??“501
hierarchies of, 505??“518
weights of, 519??“526
eyes, 433??“446
eye sockets, 433??“435
eyeballs, 435??“437
eyelids, 437??“439, 441
feet, 426??“433, 442
flippers, 414??“421
geometric shapes for, 407??“414
Skelegons, 526??“534
creating, 527??“532
tips about, 532??“533
using in Layout, 533??“534
surface settings for, 442??“445
techniques used for, 405
types of characters, 405??“406
Child Bone button, 500
child bones, 499??“500
activating, 507??“509
creating, 505??“511
child layers, 12
Class on Demand, 694
Classic Camera, 213, 594
classic motion blur, 201
Classic Scene Editor, 69
Clear All Lights button, 144
Clear Scene command, 59
Clip setting, 520
clips, 562
Clips tab, 561
Clone button, 147
Clone tool, 351??“353
cloning
lights, 147??“148, 304
particles, 564
cloth dynamics, 592
colliding particles, 550??“554
Collision Detect setting, 575, 590
collision dynamics
hard-body, 569??“575, 581??“588
soft-body, 589??“591
collision effectors
hard-body collisions, 582??“586
particle collisions, 551??“552
Collision option, 550
collision plane, 552??“553
Collision Size value, 590
color
bone, 501, 509
cycling, 271
keying out, 664
light, 144, 149, 164
node settings, 454??“455
safe area outline, 187
surface, 115
temperatures, 690
Color category, 27
Color Channel option, 98
color channels
animating, 269??“271
displaying, 98
color connections, 134
color operations, 460
Color option, 101
color picker, 87
color values, 666, 682??“685
color vertex maps, 42
colored dots on nodes, 460
colored filters, 599
Combine category, 23
Command Directory button, 628
command folder, 614??“615, 619, 628
command-line processing, 633??“634
Commands category
Layout, 80
Modeler, 30
Comment field, 102
compositing, 649??“676
background images, 651??“655
explained, 650
foreground images, 655, 664??“670
Foreground Alpha for, 668??“670
Foreground Key for, 664??“670
front projections, 656??“664
light positions for, 663??“664
mask objects for, 657, 658??“660, 662
shadows for, 670??“676
creating, 670??“675
gobos and, 676
Compositing tab, 651??“652
channel filter plug-ins 704
Desktop Images Web site 705
configuration files, 618??“620, 627??“628
Configure Menus panel, 63, 64, 113
connections in Node Editor
connection types, 133??“134
making node connections, 132??“133, 137,
138, 454??“455
unhooking node connections, 137
Constant setting, 260
Construct tab, 22??“24
Content Directory, 2, 11
assigning to book??™s DVD, 100
network rendering and, 615, 629
content files, 623
content folder, 615, 619
Content Manager, 60
content organization, 615??“618
continuity, 237
contrast, background image, 278
Contrast slider, 484
Convert category, 24
Convert Skelegon command, 533
cookies, 163
Coordinate System, 75
Copy Time Slice feature, 251??“252
copying/pasting
image nodes, 483
keyframes, 55
objects, 295
surfaces, 123
See also cutting/pasting
Crackle node, 489, 490, 491
Create category, 85
Create Key button, 230
Create Motion Key panel, 230
Create Skelegons tool, 530, 531
Create tab, 17??“19
Create Weight Map panel, 522
Creating 3D Animation (Lord), 693
Creative Cow Web site, 695
Crowe, Russell, 649
Crumple node, 130??“131, 137??“139, 464
cucoloris, 163
Culhane, Shamus, 693
Current Camera selection list, 193
Current Item panel, 48
Current Item selector, 48??“49
Current Light drop-down list, 144
Curve Bin, 239
adding channels to, 242, 245, 265
pop-up menus in, 256
removing channels from, 246
reordering items in, 241
selecting all curves in, 253
Curve Controls zone, 239
Curve Window, 239
creating keyframes in, 254
editing curves in, 243??“244
navigation of, 255
numeric controls in, 255
selecting all keyframes in, 258??“259, 268
curves, 25
adjusting values for, 267??“269
controlling with Move TCB tool, 235??“237
creating in Graph Editor, 265??“267
editing in Graph Editor, 243??“244, 253
foreground and background, 253??“254
multicurve editing, 253
spline controls, 261??“263
stepped transitions, 263??“264
Curves category
Create tab, 19
Detail tab, 25
Curves tab, 260??“261
custom object plug-ins, 677
customizing Modeler viewports, 7
cutting objects, 401
cutting/pasting
polygons, 382??“383
See also copying/pasting
Cvt Skelegons command, 533
cycling lights, 271
cyclorama, 151
Cylindrical field of view, 599
D
dark lights, 145
deactivating bones, 516
Deform tab, 590
deformation tools, 497
Delete category, 74
Delete Motion Key dialog box, 234
deleting
images, 285
keyframes, 234
objects, 401
particles, 564
plug-ins, 681
Skelegons, 531
See also removing
Density setting, 558
Depth Direction setting, 599
depth of field (DOF), 202??“204
f-stop settings and, 205
range finder for, 206??“207
Desktop Images Web site, 694
destination nodes, 129, 449??“450
Detail tab
Layout, 79
Modeler, 24??“26
details
modeling, 384??“393
studying, 362
Diffuse option, 101, 116, 117, 467, 662
Diffuse shaders, 466??“467
diffusion value, 682
Digital Character Animation (Maestri), 693
Digital Cinematography & Directing
(Alban), 693
Digital Lighting & Rendering (Birn), 143, 693
Digital Photography for 3D Imaging and
Animation (Alban), 693
direct light, 148
Direction setting, 547
Disc tool, 363, 365??“366, 394??“395
displacement plug-ins, 677
Display command, 98??“99
Display Options panel, 43, 85??“86
Backdrop tab, 276, 363, 364, 381, 657
Bounding Box Threshold, 86
Grid Snap option, 366, 374
Hide Toolbar option, 112
Image Resolution setting, 277
Interface tab, 338
Show Safe Areas option, 186
Display SubPatch level, 503
displaying
backdrop images, 285
color channels, 98
menus, 112
panels, 188
surface subdivisions, 503
toolbars, 112
distant lights, 142
Distortion setting, 491
Dope Sheet, 53, 71??“72
Dope Track, 53??“55, 586
Double Sided option, 102, 660
Drag tool
backdrop images and, 284
character modeling and, 418??“420, 432, 434,
439, 441
compositing and, 658
duplicate elements and, 294
glass window modeling and, 578
still-life modeling and, 319, 328, 335, 359
Draw Skelegons tool, 530, 531
Drill tool, 282, 283
drive mapping, 621??“622
drop-down menus, 58
dual-monitor systems, 125
Duplicate category, 22
duplicating objects, 293??“297
dutch camera angle, 212
DVD included with book, 697??“699
contents of, 698
loading files from, 698
project files on, 699
system requirements for, 698
tech support website, 697
video files on, 698
Dynamic Obj button, 537
Dynamic Obj drop-down menu, 545, 550,
581, 586
dynamics, 535, 565??“592
collision, 569??“575, 581??“588, 589??“591
controls for, 566, 573??“575, 588
explained, 565??“566
hard-body, 567??“588
creating, 567??“575
modeling for, 575??“581
shattering glass, 581??“588
tips for working with, 588
soft-body, 588??“592
types of, 566
Dynamics tab, 541, 551, 563, 566
E
E buttons, 67, 239, 269??“270, 574
Edge Bevel tool
gadget modeling and, 384??“385
still-life modeling and, 311??“312, 326??“327,
332
Edges category, 26
Edges selection mode, 310, 331, 375, 380
Edit By mode, 96
Edit category, 79
Edit Keyboard Shortcuts command, 60??“63
Edit Keyboard Shortcuts panel, 61
Edit menu, 60??“65
Edit Nodes button, 101, 128, 448, 451
Edit Plug-ins panel, 80, 629??“630, 680
Edit Tool, 78, 563
EditFX panel, 563, 588
editing
curves, 243??“244, 253
keyboard shortcuts, 61??“63
lights, 147
menus, 63??“65
particles, 562??“564
destination nodes 706
Friction Power control 707
editors
Graph Editor, 68??“69, 238??“271
Image Editor, 68, 652
Node Editor, 66, 90, 127??“140, 447??“496
Scene Editor, 69??“72
Surface Editor, 66??“67, 89??“127
Texture Editor, 107??“110
See also menus
effectors
collision, 551??“552, 582??“586
smoke, 550
wind, 545??“550
Effects panel
Compositing tab, 651??“652, 665
plug-ins accessed from, 679
Volumetrics tab, 555, 560
Embedded Alpha setting, 562
emitters, particle, 536, 537??“539
control options, 539??“545
creating, 537??“539
explained, 536
Enable VIPER button, 105
Envelope tool, 239
envelopes, 67
environment plug-ins, 678
Environment tab, 103??“104, 118
EPS files, 298??“299
equals (=) key, 505, 512
Erase setting, 574
Event setting, 574
Expand button, 57
expanding selections, 392??“393
Expert mode, 533
Explosion setting, 542, 545
Export category, 85
Export submenu, File menu, 59
expressions, 220
Extend category, 21
Extender Plus tool
character modeling and, 427, 429, 430
gadget modeling and, 376, 380
Extra Ray Trace Optimization setting, 608
Extrude tool, 289, 396
eyes
bones and, 515??“516
modeling, 433??“446
eye sockets, 433??“435
eyeballs, 435??“437
eyelids, 437??“439, 441
F
Falloff setting, 519??“520
feet, modeling, 426??“433, 442
field of view (FOV), 196, 597, 598
Field of View setting, 597
Field Rendering option, 184
file formats, 276
File menu, 58??“60
file names, 618
file sharing setup, 622??“625
files on DVD
loading, 698
project files, 699
video files, 698
fill light, 154
film output resolutions, 691
Filter By drop-down menu, 96
Filtering tab, 605
filters
colored, 599
postprocessing, 676
fish-eye effect, 598
Fix Power option, 574
Flay Web site, 695
flippers,modeling, 414??“421
flipping polygons, 371
Floor surface, 480
focal distance, 204??“205
focal length, 193, 195
fonts, 286??“289
footprints, 257??“260
Force option, 571
forced perspective, 215
foreground curves, 253??“254
foreground image compositing, 655, 664??“670
Foreground Alpha for, 668??“670
Foreground Key for, 664??“668
foreground layers, 14??“15
forward kinematics, 505
Forward scattering setting, 474, 479
fractional keyframes, 55
frame buffer plug-ins, 678
Frame End Beep option, 607
frames
jumping to, 233
rendering, 465
See also keyframes
Free setting, 572
Friction Power control, 574
Front Face Wireframe style, 502
front projection mapping, 661??“662
fruit bowl
filling, 350??“353
modeling, 347??“350
fruit modeling, 308??“347
bananas, 308??“330
grapes, 336??“347
oranges, 330??“336
f-stop settings, 205
function connections, 134
function nodes, 460, 490
FX_Collision panel
hard-body dynamics, 571??“572, 582??“583
particle collisions, 551??“553
FX_Emitter panel, 538, 540??“545, 563
FX_Wind panel, 545, 546
G
gadget modeling, 361??“404
definition of gadgets, 362
iPod creation, 362??“404
adding connectors, 394??“404
building details, 384??“393
creating the base shape, 362??“404
developing depth, 371??“383
reference images for, 364
studying details for, 362
General Options panel
Layout, 86??“87
Modeler, 44
General tool category
Layout
Modify tab, 74??“76
Setup tab, 78
Modeler, 27
Generator Size options, 540??“541
geometric shapes, 406, 407??“414
Geometry tab, 556, 562
glass surfaces, 116??“120
glass windows
modeling for dynamics, 575??“581
shattering, 581??“588
global illumination, 598??“599
Global Illumination panel, 150??“151
Enable Radiosity option, 161
Rays Per Evaluation setting, 162
Global Illumination tab, 116, 149
global plug-ins, 678
Glossiness control, 102, 116??“117, 495
Go To Frame requester, 52, 233
gobos, 163??“167
cast shadows and, 676
creating, 164??“167
explained, 163
tips for using, 167
Gradient node, 134??“137, 138??“139, 476??“478
gradient panel,Node Editor, 135??“137,
138??“139
grapes, modeling, 336??“347
Graph Editor, 68??“69, 238??“271
accessing, 238
adjusting values in, 267??“269
animating color channels in, 269??“271
channels setup in, 240??“242
Copy Time Slice feature, 251??“252
curves in
background curves, 253??“254
creating, 265??“267
editing, 243??“244, 253
foreground curves, 253??“254
selecting all, 253
Curves tab, 260??“261
Display drop-down list, 248
footprint creation, 257??“260
light color and, 144
maximizing the window for, 241
multicurve editing, 253
Options panel, 247??“248, 264
overview of zones in, 239??“240
plug-ins accessed from, 679
pop-up menus, 256
quadrant size, 242
resizing, 244
spline controls, 261??“263
Bezier splines, 262??“263
Hermite splines, 262??“263
TCB splines, 261??“262
stepped transitions, 263??“264
timing adjustments, 244??“251
tips for working in, 255
tool icons, 249
updating, 245
zoom factor and, 195
Gravity setting, 585
green dots on nodes, 460
grid
focal distance determination, 204??“205
image compositing using, 653, 654, 671
Grid category, 83
Grid Size option, 83
Grid Snap option, 366, 374
Front Face Wireframe style 708
Items tab 709
ground collisions
hard-body dynamics, 586??“587
soft-body dynamics, 589??“591
Group drop-down list, 573
Group Polygons option, 434
G-Toggle Subpatch, 84
H
handles, 75??“76
hard-body dynamics, 567??“588
creating, 567??“575
modeling for, 575??“581
shattering glass, 581??“588
tips for working with, 588
HardFX controls, 570, 571, 575, 584??“588
Hart??™s War (film), 649
HDR images, 214, 595, 665
Help menu, 66
Hermite splines, 262??“263
Hide Toolbar option, 112
hiding/showing
backdrop images, 285
menus, 112
panels, 188
surface subdivisions, 503
toolbars, 112
hierarchies of bones, 505??“518
child bones, 505??“511
explained, 505
multiple, 505??“518
Hierarchy view, 16
High Clip Color, 664, 667, 668
Horizontal FOV setting, 196, 598
hot spots, 468
Howard, Ron, 649
HSV color values, 115
HV Emitter, 537, 539, 554
HW Shading option, 83
HyperTexture tab, 559
HyperVoxels, 536, 537, 554, 556??“560
HyperVoxels panel, 536, 555??“559, 561
I
IK Boost Tool, 77, 533, 534
IKB Calculate button, 77
Illusion of Life: Disney Animation, The
(Thomas and Johnston), 693
Image Editor, 68, 652
Image Filters, 681
image I/O plug-ins, 678
Image Map setting, 108
image mapping
front projection, 661
nodes used for, 480??“487
Image node, 481??“486, 660
Image panel, 481
image processing plug-ins, 678
Image Seam Angle control, 103
Image Viewer, 153, 160, 169, 607, 665??“666
Image Viewer FP, 607, 665
images
backdrop, 275??“285
building over, 279??“285
deleting from Modeler, 285
high-dynamic range, 214
particle, 560??“562
projection, 163??“167
reference, 364
Impact Effect setting, 571, 572, 586
Import category, 85
Import submenu, File menu, 59
importing EPS files, 298??“299
incremental save, 281
info area, 37
Info panel
Modeler, 40??“41
Node Editor, 135
Initial Value option, 522
inputs, node, 460??“472
Inset value setting, 322
Inside button, 553
Instance option, 484
integer connections, 134
integer operations, 460
intensity, light, 144??“145, 150
interactive particles, 550??“554
interfaces
Layout, 46??“57
Modeler, 4??“16
interlacing, 184
Inverse Distance values, 520
inverse kinematics, 77, 505, 534
iPod modeling, 362??“404
adding connectors, 394??“404
building details, 384??“393
creating the base shape, 362??“404
developing depth, 371??“383
using reference images, 364
item selection buttons, 48??“49
Items tab, 72??“74
J
Jitter tool, 576, 579
Johnston, Ollie, 693
Jurassic Park III (film), 651
K
Kappa node, 473??“474, 478
Kelvin temperatures, 690
Kerlow, Isaac V.
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